Ukususwa kwe-Axial yebhereyitha

 

Okubizwa ngokuba ibhereyithaukususwa kwesithuba kubhekisa kubungakanani bokuhamba xaibhereyithaayifakwanga kwi-shaft okanye kwindawo yokubeka iibheringi, ilungisa icala elinye leringi yangaphakathi okanye iringi yangaphandle, ize emva koko iyenze icala elingashukumiyo lishukume nge-radial okanye nge-axial. Ngokwendlela yokuhamba, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-radial clearance kunye ne-axial clearance.

Ubungakanani bendawo yokuvula (ebizwa ngokuba yindawo yokuvula esebenzayo) ngexesha lokusebenza bunempembelelo kubomi bokudinwa okuqengqelekayo, ukunyuka kobushushu, ingxolo, ukungcangcazela kunye nezinye iimpawu zebhereyitha.

Xa kulinganiswa indawo evulekileyo yebheriyali, yileyo ibizwa ngokuba yindawo evulekileyo yebheriyali, ebhekisa kubungakanani bokuhamba xa ibheriyali ingafakwanga kwi-shaft okanye kwi-bearing housing, ilungisa icala elinye leringi yangaphakathi okanye yeringi yangaphandle, ize emva koko yenze icala elingagungqiyo lishukume nge-radially okanye nge-axial. Ngokwendlela yokuhamba, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-radial clearance kunye ne-axial clearance.

Ubungakanani bendawo yokuvula (ebizwa ngokuba yindawo yokuvula esebenzayo) ngexesha lokusebenza bunempembelelo kubomi bokudinwa okuqengqelekayo, ukunyuka kobushushu, ingxolo, ukungcangcazela kunye nezinye iimpawu zebhereyitha.

Xa kulinganiswa indawo evulekileyoibhereyitha, umthwalo wokulinganisa ochaziweyo usetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwibheri ukuze kufunyanwe ixabiso elilinganisiweyo elizinzileyo.

Ngenxa yoko, ixabiso elilinganisiweyo likhulu kune-clearance yokwenyani (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-theoretical clearance), oko kukuthi, ubungakanani be-elastic deformation ngenxa yomthwalo olinganisiweyo buyanda.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yeebheringi zerola, olu tshintsho lwe-elastic alunamsebenzi ngenxa yobuninzi balo.

Ukususwa kwangaphakathi kwebhereyitha ngaphambi kokufakwa kubonakaliswa ngokubanzi ngokwemigaqo yokususwa kwethiyori.

Ukukhetha imvume

Ukususwa emva kokukhupha ubungakanani bokwandiswa okanye ukucutheka kweringi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka xa ibhereyitha ifakelwe kwi-shaft okanye kwi-housing ukusuka kwindawo yokususwa kwethiyori kubizwa ngokuba yi-"mounting clearance".

 

Ukususwa kwesithuba emva kokongeza okanye ukuthabatha umahluko wobukhulu ngenxa yomahluko wobushushu ngaphakathi kwebheriya kubizwa ngokuba yi-"effective clearance".

Ibheri ifakelwe i-clearance xa ibekwe phantsi komthwalo othile ngoomatshini, oko kukuthi, i-clearance esebenzayo yongezwa kwi-elastic deformation ebangelwa ngumthwalo we-bearing, kangangokuba ibizwa ngokuba yi-"working clearance".　

 

Xa indawo yokusebenza iphantsi kancinci, ixesha lokudinwa kwebheri yeyona inde kakhulu, kodwa xa indawo yokusebenza iphantsi kakhulu, ixesha lokudinwa liyehla kakhulu. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha indawo yokusebenza iphantsi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba indawo yokusebenza iphantsi kancinci okanye ibe ntle kancinci.

Ukongeza, xa kuyimfuneko ukuphucula ukuqina kwebheriya okanye ukunciphisa ingxolo, indawo yokusebenza kufuneka ibe nefuthe elibi ngakumbi, kwaye xa ukunyuka kobushushu bebheriya kukhulu, indawo yokusebenza kufuneka ibe nefuthe elingcono ngakumbi, njl.njl., kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe uhlalutyo oluthile ngokweemeko zokusetyenziswa.

 

Ingcamango yokususwa kweebheringi eziqengqelekayo

1. Ukususwa kwangaphambili

Ukususwa kwebhereji kwimeko ekhululekileyo ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwayo. Ukususwa kwebhereji yokuqala kugqitywa yindlela yokuyilungisa nokuhlanganisa isityalo sokwenza imveliso.

 

2. Ukufakelwa kwemvume

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-mating clearance, eyi-clearance xa kufakwa i-bearing, i-shaft kunye ne-bearing seat kodwa ayikasebenzi. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokufakelwa, nokuba iringi yangaphakathi iyandiswa, iringi yangaphandle iyancitshiswa, okanye zombini, i-clearance yokufakelwa incinci kune-clearance yokuqala.

 

3. Imvume yokusebenza

Xa i-bearing ikwimeko yokusebenza, ukunyuka kobushushu beringi yangaphakathi yeyona inkulu, kwaye ukwanda kobushushu yeyona inkulu, kangangokuba i-bearing clearance iyancitshiswa; Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yomthwalo, i-elastic deformation iyenzeka xa kuqhagamshelwana phakathi kwento eqengqelekayo kunye nendlela yokugijima, nto leyo eyandisa i-bearing clearance. Nokuba i-operating clearance ye-bearing inkulu okanye incinci kune-operating clearance ixhomekeke kwisiphumo esidibeneyo sezi zinto zimbini.