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Ulwakhiwo lweCrankshaft Bearing, Fit, kunye neendlela zokuxhasa

 

I. Iimfuno zomsebenzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweIibheringi zeCrankshaft

Iibheringi zeCrankshaft ziquka iibheringi zentonga ezidibanisayo kunye neebheringi eziphambili. Umsebenzi wazo kukukhusela iijenali kunye neebhore zebearing, ukunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuguga. Ziguqula amandla egesi adluliselwa kwindibano yentonga edibanisa i-piston abe yi-torque ukuze kuphume imveliso yangaphandle. Zikwasetyenziselwa ukuqhuba uloliwe wevalvu yenjini kunye nezinye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo.

 

Iimfuneko zokusetyenziswa: Zonke ziyamelana nemithwalo etshintshanayo kunye nokungqubana ngesantya esiphezulu; ngoko ke, izixhobo zokuthwala kufuneka zibe namandla aneleyo okudinwa, ukungqubana okuphantsi, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala.

 

II. Ulwakhiwo lweIibheringi zeCrankshaft

 

Zombini iibheringi zentonga ezidibanisayo kunye neebheringi eziphambili zenziwe ngamaqokobhe eebheringi aphezulu nasezantsi adityaniswe kunye. Iqokobhe ngalinye leebheringi lenziwe ngentsimbi exhasayo kunye nomaleko we-anti-friction alloy, okanye i-steel backing, umaleko we-anti-friction alloy, kunye nomaleko we-soft plating. Eyokuqala ibizwa ngokuba yi-two-layers bearing shell, kwaye eyesibini ibizwa ngokuba yi-three-layers bearing shell.

 

1. Inkxaso yentsimbi kunye noMaleko wokulwa nokungqubana

Isiseko sentsimbi sisisiseko seqokobhe lokuthwala, esenziwe ngentsimbi ekhabhoni ephantsi enobukhulu obuyi-1-3mm. Umaleko wokulwa nokungqubana yi-alloy yokulwa nokungqubana enobukhulu obuyi-0.3 ~ 0.7mm, ethambileyo kwaye inokukhusela ijenali.

 

Izixhobo zomaleko wokulwa nokungqubana:

 

(1) I-alloy emhlophe (i-alloy yeBabbitt): Ukusebenza kakuhle kokulwa nokungqubana, kodwa amandla aphantsi oomatshini kunye nokumelana nobushushu okuphantsi. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiinjini zepetroli ezinemithwalo ephantsi.

 

(2) I-alloy ye-copper-lead: Amandla aphezulu oomatshini, amandla aphezulu okuthwala umthwalo, kunye nokumelana okuhle nobushushu. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini zedizili ezinemithwalo ephezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwayo okuchasene nokungqubana akukuhle.

 

(3) I-alloy esekwe kwi-aluminium: Kukho iintlobo ezintathu: i-aluminium-antimony-magnesium alloy, i-aluminium-low-tin alloy, kunye ne-aluminium-tin alloy ephezulu. Ezimbini zokuqala zineempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini kunye nomthamo onamandla wokuthwala umthwalo, kodwa ukusebenza kakubi kokulwa nokungqubana. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini zedizili; le yokugqibela ineempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini kunye nokusebenza kokulwa nokungqubana, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini zedizili kunye nepetroli.

 

2. Indawo yesitshixo kunye nomjelo weoyile

 

I-linking rod bearing inesitshixo sokubeka, esisetyenziselwa ukufaka kwi-positioning groove ye-connecting rod end enkulu kunye ne-connecting rod cap ngexesha lokufakelwa ukuthintela i-bearing ukuba ingahambi okanye ijikeleze. I-bearing bush ikwanazo ne-oil holes kunye ne-oil grooves, ekufuneka zihambelane ne-oil holes efanelekileyo ngexesha lokufakelwa.

 

III.Ukuthwala iCrankshaftAmandla akhululekileyo kunye nokuphazamiseka

 

1. Amandla Akhululekileyo: Irediyasi yokugoba kwesihlahla esithwalayo kwimeko yaso ekhululekileyo inkulu kancinci kunerediyasi yesihlalo sokuthwala. Umahluko kububanzi ubizwa ngokuba yi-free force okanye i-opening. Kwiinjini zepetroli, ngokubanzi yi-0.8~1.5mm, kwaye kwiinjini zedizili, yi-1.5~2.5mm.

 

2. Ukulingana kokuphazamiseka: Ngenxa yokuba ububanzi bangaphandle besiqu se-bearing bukhulu kancinci kunobubanzi besihlalo se-bearing, ukulingana okuthile kokuphazamiseka kwenziwa emva kokuba ii-bolts zentonga ezidibeneyo ziqinisiwe. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba i-bearing bush ayijikelezi, ayitshintshi, okanye ayidlidlizi ngexesha lokusebenza, okuvumela ukulingana okuqinileyo phakathi kwesiqu se-bearing bush kunye nesihlalo se-bearing ukuze kube lula ukusasazwa kobushushu. I-bearing overhang ngokubanzi yi-0.04 ~ 0.09mm.

 

Ukuhlolwa: Emva kokufaka i-bearing kwisitulo se-bearing, qinisa ii-bolts kumacala omabini kwi-torque echazwe ngumvelisi. Emva koko, yikhulule ngokupheleleyo i-bolt kwicala elinye kwaye usebenzise i-feeler gauge ukujonga isithuba esiphakathi kwesitulo se-bearing bearing kunye ne-bearing bore. Esi sithuba singaphezulu kwe-bearing. IV. I-Crankshaft Thrust Bearing

 

Umsebenzi weCrankshaft Thrust Bearing: Xa imoto ishukuma, i-clutch pedal isebenzisa i-axial thrust kwi-crankshaft, nto leyo ebangela intshukumo ye-axial. Intshukumo ye-axial egqithisileyo iya kuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwendibano yentonga yokudibanisa i-piston kwaye iphazamise ixesha elifanelekileyo le-valve kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo lokujova injini yedizili. Ii-Thrust bearing ziyafuneka ukuqinisekisa indawo ye-axial ye-crankshaft.

 

Iibheringi zeThrust zingafakwa kwindawo enye kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-crankshaft inokukhula ngokukhululekileyo xa ishushu. Iindidi eziphambili ziquka:

 

1. Iqokobhe lokuthwala elijijekileyo

 

2. Iiwashers ezisebenzisa i-semi-circular thrust

 

3. Iiwasher ezijikelezayo

 

Amanyathelo okufaka: Icala le-thrust washer elinomaleko wokulwa nokuqhawuka (icala eline-oyile groove) lijongene neendawo ezijikelezayo. Xa i-crankshaft isiya phambili, i-back thrust washer ithwala i-axial thrust; xa isiya ngasemva, i-front thrust washer ithwala i-axial thrust.

 

Uhlengahlengiso lwe-Axial Clearance: Tshintsha ngee-thrust washers ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo, okanye utshintshe ubukhulu bee-thrust washers. (Umgangatho ngokubanzi yi-0.07 ~ 0.17mm, kunye nomda ovumelekileyo we-0.25mm).

 

V. Iindlela zokuxhasa iCrankshaft

I-crankshaft ene-journal ephambili phakathi kwe-crankshafts ezimbini ezikufutshane ibizwa ngokuba yi-crankshaft exhaswa ngokupheleleyo; kungenjalo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-crankshaft exhaswa kancinci.

 

1. I-Crankshaft exhaswa ngokupheleleyo:

 

Iingenelo: Yonyusa ukuqina kwe-crankshaft kunye namandla okugoba; inciphisa umthwalo kwiibheringi eziphambili.

 

Iingxaki: Yandisa inani leendawo ezifakwe kwi-crankshaft, yandisa inani leebheringi eziphambili, kwaye yolula ibhloko yenjini.

 

Izicelo: Zisetyenziswa kakhulu; iinjini zedizili ngokubanzi zisebenzisa le ndlela yokuxhasa.

 

2. I-Crankshaft exhaswa ngokungaphelelanga:

 

Iingenelo: Inciphisa ubude be-crankshaft, inciphisa ubude benjini iyonke.

 

Iingxaki: Ifuna umthwalo ophezulu kwiibheringi eziphambili.

 

Izicelo: Iinjini zepetroli ezineemfuno eziphantsi zomthwalo zingasebenzisa le ndlela.