iindaba

Iindlela zoPhuhliso lweZixhobo zokuBea eziqengqelekayo

 

In ibheyari eqengqelekayoUkuvelisa, iipropati zezinto ezibonakalayo zimisela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi bebheri, ukuthembeka kwayo, kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo. Okwangoku, iindawo zebheri zisenziwa kakhulu ngentsimbi ethwala i-chromium enekhabhoni ephezulu, njenge-GCr15 kunye ne-GCr15SiMn eqhelekileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuphuhliswa kwezixhobo ukuya kwisantya esiphezulu, imithwalo enzima, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kunye neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima ngakumbi, izixhobo zebheri nazo zihlala ziphuculwa, ikakhulu zibonisa izikhokelo zophuhliso ezilandelayo:

 

1. Intsimbi yokuthwala ubunzima obuphezulu

 

Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zeendawo ezinkulu nezinodonga oluqinileyo, eli shishini liye laphuhlisa kancinci kancinci iintsimbi ezithwala ubunzima obuphezulu, ezifana ne-GCr15SiMo kunye ne-GCr18Mo. Ezi zinto zinokufumana isakhiwo esiqinileyo esifanayo kwiimilinganiselo ezinkulu ezinqamlezileyo, ziphucula amandla kunye nobomi bokudinwa kweendawo, kwaye zifanelekile kwiibheringi ezinkulu kunye nezixhobo ezinzima.

 

2. Intsimbi Eqinisiweyo Yokuthwala Umphezulu

 

Intsimbi eqinileyo yomphezulu we-GCr4 isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ezinzima ezifana nezithuthi zikaloliwe kunye nee-rolling mills. Ngokusebenzisa ubushushu obuphakathi kunye nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza, umaleko oqinileyo wobunzulu obuthile unokwenziwa phezu komphezulu weendawo, nto leyo enika ibhereyitha ubunzima obuphezulu bomphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kwe-core, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukumelana nokudinwa kunye nokumelana nempembelelo.

 

3. Iintlobo ezintsha zeNtsimbi engenasici

Iintsimbi zesintu ezingenasici ezifana ne-9Cr18 kunye ne-9Cr18Mo (440C) zinokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, kodwa zinokumelana nokwenza ii-carbides ezirhabaxa, nto leyo echaphazela ubomi bokudinwa kunye nomgangatho womphezulu. Intsimbi engenasici ye-martensitic ye-0.7C-13Cr eyenziwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokunciphisa umxholo we-carbon kunye ne-chromium kunye nokunciphisa ii-carbides ze-eutectic, iphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kokudinwa kokudibana, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwee-bearings. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwii-bearings ezichanekileyo ezichasene nokugqwala, ezifana nee-hard drive bearings kunye nee-bearings zezixhobo zonyango.

 

4. Intsimbi ye-alloy enamandla aphezulu

 

Iintsimbi ze-GT series bearing, ngokusebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-alloy ephuculiweyo, ziphucula amandla kunye nokuqina kwe-matrix kwaye zonyusa uzinzo lokufudumala. Zifanelekile kwiidizayini zeebheringi ezinzima okanye ezikhaphukhaphu, zinobomi obuhle benkonzo phantsi kweemeko zokuthambisa ezicocekileyo.

 

5. Intsimbi yokuthwala enganyangekiyo yiNgcoliseko

 

Kwiindlela ezisebenzayo, uthuli okanye amasuntswana okuguga kwioyile yokuthambisa anokwenza ukuxinana kumphezulu webhereyitha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuxinzelelekeni koxinzelelo kunye nokudinwa kwangethuba. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, iJapan iphuhlise uthotho lwe-TF lweentsimbi zebhereyitha ezimelana nongcoliseko (ezifana ne-TF, i-HTF, i-STF, i-NTF, njl.njl.).

 

Ngokuphucula umxholo wekhabhoni kunye nomlinganiselo we-alloy element, izinto zenza ii-carbides ezintle ngakumbi kwaye zonyusa i-austenite egciniweyo, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa uxinzelelo oluxineneyo kwimiphetho yokuntywila. Amava asebenzayo abonisa ukuba iibheringi ezenziwe ngeentsimbi ze-TF series zinokuba nobomi obude ngokuphindwe ka-4-10 phantsi kweemeko zokuthambisa ezingcolisiweyo.

 

6. Intsimbi yokuthwala ubushushu obuphezulu eQinisekisiweyo

Xa kusetyenziswa iibheringi eziqhelekileyo ze-GCr15 kwiindawo eziphakathi kwe-100℃ ukuya kwi-200℃, "indawo emhlophe ekhanyayo" enobunzima obuphantsi iyenzeka lula kumaleko ongaphantsi komhlaba wezinto, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubomi bokuthwala. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, kuye kwaphuhliswa iintsimbi zebheringi ezinobushushu obuphantsi ezifana ne-NTJ2 kunye ne-KUJ7. Ngokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo wezinto ezifana ne-Cr, i-Si, kunye ne-Mo, ukwakheka kweendawo ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo kuyacinezelwa, okuvumela iibheringi ukuba zigcine ubomi obuhle kunye nozinzo olulinganayo nokuba zikwi-150℃.～180℃. Ezi zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini zeemoto, kwiijenereyitha, nakwizixhobo zokusebenza ezishushu.

 

7. Intsimbi yokuthwala enobushushu obuphezulu

Kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ezikhawulezayo ezifana neenqwelo-moya, izixhobo zemveli azanelanga. Iintsimbi zokuqala ezithwala ubushushu obuphezulu ezifana ne-T1, T2, T10, kunye ne-M50, nangona zinobunzima obuphezulu, zinomxholo ophezulu we-alloy element kunye neendleko eziphezulu.

 

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iYurophu ne-United States ziye zaphuhlisa isizukulwana esitsha seentsimbi ze-carburizing ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ezifana ne-M50NiL, i-CBS1000, kunye ne-RBD. Phakathi kwazo, i-M50NiL yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Emva kwe-carburizing, ii-carbides ezincinci zenzeka phezu komhlaba, zivelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lokucinezelwa. Ukuqina kwayo okuphambili kunokufikelela amaxesha ama-2.5 kunokwe-M50, okubangela ubomi bokudinwa obuphezulu. Okwangoku, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zezixhobo eziphezulu ezifana nee-aero-injini eziphambili zee-shaft bearings. Ngokubanzi, uphuhliso lwezinto zokuthwala eziqengqelekayo luqhubeka lusiya kumandla aphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukumelana nongcoliseko, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokusebenza kobushushu obuphezulu. Ngophuhliso lweenqwelo-moya, izixhobo zamandla amatsha, kunye nokuveliswa okuphezulu, uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto zokuthwala ezintsha kuya kuqhubeka nzulu, kubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa enamandla yokuphucula ukusebenza kwee-bearings.