iindaba

Imfihlo yoMgangatho weNtsimbi eBearing: Izalathisi zokusebenza eziphambili kunye neziphene eziqhelekileyo

 

Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zoomatshini, ukusebenza kunye nobomi bokuqengqelekaiibheringizixhomekeke kakhulu kumgangatho wentsimbi ethwalayo ezenziwe ngayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu, kubekwa iimfuno zobugcisa ezingqongqo kakhulu kwintsimbi.

 

I. Iimfuno eziPhambili zoKusebenzaUkuthwalaIntsimbi

 

Ubumsulwa obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi

 

Izinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi ezifakwe kwisinyithi (ezifana nee-oxides kunye nee-sulfides) zingumthombo wokuqhekeka kokudinwa. Ke ngoko, iintsimbi zanamhlanje ezithwala igesi zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokucokisa ezifana nokususa igesi nge-vacuum kunye nokunyibilikisa i-electroslag ukunciphisa i-sulfur, i-phosphorus, kunye nomxholo wegesi, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukufana kwezinto kunye namandla okudinwa.

 

Ulawulo oluchanekileyo loKwakhiwa kweeKhemikhali

 

I-MainstreamibhereyithaIntsimbi ikakhulu yintsimbi ye-chromium enekhabhoni ephezulu (njenge-GCr15). Umxholo wayo wekhabhoni kufuneka uzinziswe phakathi kwe-0.95% kunye ne-1.05%, kwaye umxholo wayo we-chromium kufuneka ulawulwe phakathi kwe-1.30% kunye ne-1.65%. Ukulinganisela okuchanekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba i-martensitic matrix iqinile kwaye isasazwe ngokulinganayo ii-carbides ezintle emva kokucima, nto leyo enika le nto ukuguguleka okuhle kunye nokumelana nokucinezelwa.

 

Ukulingana kwesakhiwo seMicro kunye namanqanaba aphantsi eziphene

 

Isakhiwo esincinci kufuneka singabi naluhlu olucacileyo lwemida, isakhiwo seWidmanstätten, okanye ii-carbides zenethiwekhi. Isakhiwo esincinci esicinyiweyo nesithambileyo esifanelekileyo yi-cryptocrystalline martensite + ii-carbides ezisasazeke kakuhle + isixa esifanelekileyo se-austenite egciniweyo ukuqinisekisa iipropati ezibanzi zoomatshini.

 

Ukuchaneka okungqongqo komphezulu kunye nobukhulu

 

Umphezulu wentsimbi kufuneka ungabi naziphene ezifana nemingxunya, imigobo, kunye namanxeba, kwaye ubunzulu bomaleko osuswe kwikhabhoni kufuneka bube ngaphakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo (ngesiqhelo ≤0.20mm). Ngaphezu koko, ukunyamezelana kobukhulu kunye nokuchaneka kwesimo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula kunye nemveliso elandelayo.

 

II. Iziphene eziqhelekileyo zeMetallurgical kunye nemiphumo yazo: Ukubandakanywa okugqithisileyo okungengokweMetallic

 

Izinto ezinkulu neziqhekekileyo (ezifana ne-Al₂O₃) zinokubangela ukwanda kwe-microcrack kwiindawo ezixinezelekileyo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ubomi bokudinwa.

 

Ukwakheka kwe-carbide engalinganiyo: Ukuphoswa okanye ukucubungula ubushushu ngendlela engafanelekanga kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kwe-carbides kwiibhendi okanye kwiinethiwekhi, kunciphisa amandla omda weenkozo kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wokuqhekeka okubuthathaka.

 

Iziphene zomphezulu: Iintanda kunye nezimbobo ezenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqengqeleka, ukuba azisuswanga ngokukhawuleza, zinokusasazeka ngexesha lonyango lobushushu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba umsebenzi ulahlwe.

 

Ukususwa kwekhabhoni ngokunzulu kakhulu: Ukuncipha komxholo wekhabhoni engaphezulu kukhokelela ekubeni lukhuni olungonelanga lokucima kunye nokunciphisa ukumelana nokuguguleka, okuchaphazela ukuchaneka kweebheringi kunye nobomi bazo.

 

Ngamafutshane, uphuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwentsimbi ethwala imithwalo esemgangathweni ophezulu sisiphumo sokuhlanganiswa okuhlangeneyo kweenkqubo ze-metallurgical, isayensi yezinto, kunye nokuveliswa ngokuchanekileyo. Ukusuka ekulawuleni ubunyulu bentsimbi emthonjeni ukuya ekujonganeni nokuguquka kwesakhiwo kuyo yonke inkqubo, inyathelo ngalinye libalulekile ekuthembekeni kwemveliso yokugqibela. Kwixesha elizayo, njengoko izixhobo eziphezulu ziqhubeka nokufuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kwiibheringi, izinto ezintsha ezifana nentsimbi ecocekileyo kakhulu kunye nentsimbi ethwala imithwalo eshushu kakhulu ziya kuqhubeka nokuqhuba inkqubela phambili kushishino.