Yintoni i-ANSI, ISO, NE-ASTM imigangatho yeebheringi?

Imigangatho yobuchwephesha, njengemigangatho ye-ASTM yeebheringi ezichaza ukuba yeyiphi iresiphi yentsimbi ekufuneka isetyenziswe, inceda abavelisi benze imveliso engaguqukiyo.

 

Ukuba ukhangele iibheringi kwi-intanethi, unokufumana inkcazo yemveliso malunga nokudibana ne-ANSI, ISO, okanye imigangatho ye-ASTM. Uyayazi imigangatho luphawu lomgangatho – kodwa ngubani oweza nayo, kwaye ithetha ukuthini?

 

Imigangatho yobugcisa inceda abavelisi kunye nabathengi. Abavelisi bazisebenzisa ukwenza kunye nokuvavanya imathiriyeli kunye neemveliso ngeyona ndlela ingaguqukiyo. Abathengi bazisebenzisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafumana umgangatho, iinkcukacha, kunye nokusebenza abakucelileyo.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ANSI

Iziko leMigangatho yeSizwe yaseMelika, okanye i-ANSI, ikomkhulu eWashington, DC. Amalungu ayo aquka imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, imibutho, nabantu ngabanye. Yasekwa kwi-1918 njengeKomiti yeMigangatho yobuNjineli baseMelika xa amalungu oMbutho woBunjineli obuManyeneyo kunye neSebe likarhulumente wase-US leMfazwe, iNavy, kunye neRhwebo badibana ukuze benze umbutho wemigangatho.

I-ANSI ayidali imigangatho yobugcisa ngokwayo. Endaweni yoko, yongamela imigangatho yaseMelika kwaye iyinxibelelanisa neyamazwe ngamazwe. Iqinisekisa imigangatho yeminye imibutho, iqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu kushishino uyavumelana malunga nendlela umgangatho ozichaphazela ngayo iimveliso kunye neenkqubo zabo. I-ANSI iqinisekisa kuphela imigangatho eyibona ifanelekile kwaye ivuleleke ngokwaneleyo.

I-ANSI yanceda ukufumana i-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO). Ngummeli we-ISO osemthethweni waseUnited States waseMelika.

I-ANSI inamakhulu aliqela emigangatho enxulumene nebhola.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ISO

I-International Standards Organisation (ISO) eseSwitzerland ichaza imigangatho yayo “njengenkqubo echaza eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza into.” I-ISO yintlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ezimeleyo, engekho phantsi kukarhulumente eyenza imigangatho yehlabathi. Imibutho yemigangatho yesizwe ye-167, njenge-ANSI, ngamalungu e-ISO. I-ISO yasekwa ngo-1947, emva kokuba abathunywa abavela kumazwe angama-25 bedibene ukuze bacwangcise ikamva lokumiselwa komgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe. Kwi-1951, i-ISO yenza umgangatho wayo wokuqala, i-ISO/R 1: 1951, eyamisela ubushushu bereferensi kwimilinganiselo yobude boshishino. Ukusukela ngoko, i-ISO yenze phantse imigangatho engama-25,000 kuyo yonke inkqubo onokucinga ngayo, itekhnoloji, inkonzo kunye noshishino. Imigangatho yayo inceda amashishini ukuba anyuse umgangatho, uzinzo, kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zawo kunye neendlela zokusebenza. Kukho nendlela esemgangathweni ye-ISO yokwenza ikomityi yeti!

I-ISO inemigangatho ephantse ibe ngama-200. Amakhulu eminye imigangatho yayo (njengaleyo malunga nentsimbi kunye ne-ceramic) ichaphazela iibheringi ngokungathanga ngqo.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ASTM

I-ASTM imele i-American Society for Testing and Materials, kodwa umbutho osekwe ePennsylvania ngoku yi-ASTM International. Ichaza imigangatho yobugcisa yamazwe ehlabathini lonke.

I-ASTM ineengcambu zayo kumzila kaloliwe weNguquko yezoShishino. Ukungangqinelani kwiintsimbi zentsimbi kwenza ukuba iitreyi zikaloliwe zakwangoko ziphuke. Ngomnyaka ka 1898, usokhemisti uCharles Benjamin Dudley waseka iASTM kunye neqela leenjineli kunye nezazinzulu ukufumana isisombululo kule ngxaki iyingozi. Benza isethi esemgangathweni yenkcazo yentsimbi kaloliwe. Kwisithuba seminyaka eyi-125 ukususela ekusekweni kwayo, i-ASTM ichaze ngaphezulu kwemigangatho ye-12,500 yenani elikhulu leemveliso, izixhobo, kunye neenkqubo kumashishini ukusuka kwisinyithi ekrwada kunye nepetroleum ukuya kwiimveliso zabathengi.

Nabani na unokujoyina i-ASTM, ukusuka kumalungu oshishino ukuya kwizifundiswa kunye nabacebisi. I-ASTM idala imigangatho yemvumelwano ngokuzithandela. Amalungu afikelela kwisivumelwano esihlangeneyo (imvumelwano) malunga nokuba kufuneka ube yintoni umgangatho. Imigangatho iyafumaneka kuye nawuphi na umntu okanye ishishini ukuba lamkele (ngokuzithandela) ukukhokela izigqibo zabo.

I-ASTM inemigangatho engaphezulu kwe-150 enxulumene nebhola kunye namaphepha e-symposium.

 

I-ANSI, ISO, KUNYE NEMIGANGATHO YE-ASTM INCEDA UTHENGE Ezona BHAYIBHILE EZINGONAYO

Imigangatho yobugcisa iqinisekisa ukuba wena kunye nomvelisi ozalanayo nithetha ulwimi olufanayo. Xa ufunda ukuba i-bearing yenziwe kwi-SAE 52100 insimbi ye-chrome, unokukhangela umgangatho we-ASTM A295 ukuze ufumane ngokuthe ngqo indlela eyenziwe ngayo intsimbi kunye neziphi izithako eziqulethwe kuzo. Ukuba umvelisi uthi iibheringi zayo ezigobileyo ziyimilinganiselo echazwe yi-ISO 355:2019, uyazi ngokuchanekileyo ukuba loluphi ubungakanani oya kukufumana. Nangona imigangatho yobugcisa inokuba ngokugqithisileyo, kakuhle, ubuchwephesha, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokunxibelelana nababoneleli kunye nokuqonda umgangatho kunye neenkcukacha zamalungu owathengayo.Ulwazi oluninzi,Nceda undwendwele iwebhu yethu:www.cwlbearing.com