Zithini imigangatho ye-ANSI, ISO, kunye ne-ASTM yeebheringi?

Imigangatho yobuchwephesha, njengemigangatho ye-ASTM yeebheringi ezichaza ukuba yeyiphi iresiphi yentsimbi ekufuneka isetyenziswe, inceda abavelisi ukuba benze imveliso efanayo.

 

Ukuba ukhe wakhangela ii-bearings kwi-intanethi, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufumene iinkcazo zemveliso malunga nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ANSI, ye-ISO, okanye ye-ASTM. Uyazi ukuba imigangatho luphawu lomgangatho - kodwa ngubani oze nayo, kwaye ithetha ukuthini?

 

Imigangatho yobugcisa inceda abavelisi kunye nabathengi. Abavelisi bayisebenzisa ukwenza nokuvavanya izixhobo kunye neemveliso ngendlela ehambelanayo kangangoko. Abathengi bayisebenzisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafumana umgangatho, iinkcukacha, kunye nokusebenza abakucelileyo.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ANSI

I-American National Standards Institute, okanye i-ANSI, inekomkhulu layo eWashington, DC. Amalungu ayo aquka amaqumrhu ehlabathi, ii-arhente zikarhulumente, imibutho, kunye nabantu ngabanye. Yasekwa ngo-1918 njengeKomiti yeMigangatho yoBunjineli yaseMelika xa amalungu e-United Engineering Society kunye namaSebe karhulumente wase-US eMfazwe, eNavy, naseRhwebo adibana ukuze enze umbutho wemigangatho.

I-ANSI ayizidaleli ngokwayo imigangatho yobugcisa. Endaweni yoko, ijonga imigangatho yaseMelika kwaye iyilungelelanise neyehlabathi. Iqinisekisa imigangatho yeminye imibutho, iqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu kushishino uyavumelana ngendlela umgangatho ochaphazela ngayo iimveliso kunye neenkqubo zabo. I-ANSI iqinisekisa kuphela imigangatho eyibona ilungile kwaye ivulelekile ngokwaneleyo.

I-ANSI incedise ekusekweni kwe-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO). Ngummeli osemthethweni we-ISO we-United States.

I-ANSI inemigangatho emininzi enxulumene nokuthwala ibhola.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ISO

I-International Standards Organisation (ISO) eseSwitzerland ichaza imigangatho yayo “njengendlela echaza eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza into.” I-ISO yintlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ezimeleyo, engekho phantsi korhulumente edala imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Imibutho yemigangatho yesizwe eyi-167, njenge-ANSI, ngamalungu e-ISO. I-ISO yasekwa ngo-1947, emva kokuba abathunywa abavela kumazwe angama-25 behlangene ukuze bacebe ikamva lokumiswa kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-1951, i-ISO yadala umgangatho wayo wokuqala, i-ISO/R 1:1951, eyamisela ubushushu obubhekiselele kumlinganiselo wobude bemizi-mveliso. Ukususela ngoko, i-ISO idale imigangatho ephantse ibe ngama-25,000 kuyo yonke inkqubo ecingelwayo, ubuchwepheshe, inkonzo, kunye nomzi-mveliso. Imigangatho yayo inceda amashishini ukuba anyuse umgangatho, uzinzo, kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zawo kunye nezenzo zomsebenzi. Kukho nendlela esemgangathweni ye-ISO yokwenza ikomityi yeti!

I-ISO inemigangatho yeebhereyitha ephantse ibe ngama-200. Amanye amakhulu emigangatho yayo (njengaleyo iphathelele intsimbi kunye neseramikhi) ichaphazela iibhereyitha ngokungathanga ngqo.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ASTM

I-ASTM imele i-American Society for Testing and Materials, kodwa umbutho osePennsylvania ngoku yi-ASTM International. Ichaza imigangatho yobugcisa yamazwe kwihlabathi liphela.

I-ASTM isuka kwiindlela zikaloliwe zeNguquko yezeMizi-mveliso. Ukungangqinelani kweendlela zikaloliwe zentsimbi kwenza imizila yoololiwe yasekuqaleni yaphuka. Ngo-1898, isazinzulu semichiza uCharles Benjamin Dudley saseka i-ASTM neqela leenjineli kunye noososayensi ukuze bafumane isisombululo sale ngxaki iyingozi. Badala iseti esemgangathweni yeenkcukacha zentsimbi kaloliwe. Kwiminyaka eli-125 ukusukela ekusekweni kwayo, i-ASTM ichaze imigangatho engaphezu kwe-12,500 yenani elikhulu leemveliso, izixhobo, kunye neenkqubo kumashishini aqala kwiintsimbi eziluhlaza kunye nepetroleum ukuya kwiimveliso zabathengi.

Nabani na angajoyina i-ASTM, ukususela kumalungu oshishino ukuya kwiingcali zemfundo kunye nabacebisi. I-ASTM idala imigangatho yokuvumelana ngokuzithandela. Amalungu afikelela kwisivumelwano esidibeneyo (isivumelwano) malunga nokuba umgangatho ufanele ube yintoni. Imigangatho iyafumaneka kuye nawuphi na umntu okanye ishishini ukuba liyithathe (ngokuzithandela) ukuze likhokele izigqibo zabo.

I-ASTM inemigangatho engaphezulu kwe-150 enxulumene nokuthwala ibhola kunye namaphepha esimpoziyam.

 

IMIGANGATHO YE-ANSI, ISO, NE-ASTM IKUNCEDA UKUTHENGA EZONA BEARINGS ZILUNGILEYO

Imigangatho yobuchwephesha iqinisekisa ukuba wena kunye nomenzi weebheringi nithetha ulwimi olufanayo. Xa ufunda ukuba iibheringi zenziwe ngentsimbi ye-chrome ye-SAE 52100, ungakhangela umgangatho we-ASTM A295 ukuze ufumane ukuba yenziwe njani kanye kanye intsimbi kunye nezithako eziqulathe yona. Ukuba umenzi uthi iibheringi zayo ezithambileyo zezobukhulu obuchazwe yi-ISO 355:2019, uyazi kakuhle ukuba uza kufumana ubungakanani obungakanani. Nangona imigangatho yobuchwepheshe inokuba yeyobuchwephesha kakhulu, kodwa, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokunxibelelana nababoneleli nokuqonda umgangatho kunye neenkcukacha zeendawo ozithengayo.Ulwazi oluthe kratya, ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yethu: www.cwlbearing.com