iindaba

Yintoni i-air bearing

 

Ukuthwala, Ndikholelwa ukuba wonke umntu uza kuyazi, i-rolling bearing yethu esetyenziswa rhoqo kufuneka ibe yeyona iqhelekileyo, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoomatshini nezixhobo zanamhlanje. Ngoko ke yintoni i-air bearing?

 

Ukuthwala igesi: I-bearing ecacileyo esebenzisa igesi njengesithambisi. I-gas lubricant esetyenziswa kakhulu ngumoya, kodwa i-nitrogen, i-argon, i-hydrogen, i-helium okanye i-carbon dioxide nayo ingasetyenziswa njengoko kufuneka.

 

Kwii-compressors zegesi, ii-expanders kunye nee-circulators, i-medium esebenzayo idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-lubricant.

 

Ukuthwala umoya kubhekisa kwibheriya exhasa umthwalo ngoncedo lwefilimu yomoya oxinzelelweyo eyenziwe phakathi komphezulu wesibini esityibilikayo sebheriya, kwaye umphezulu wesibini esityibilikayo wahlulwe ngokupheleleyo yifilimu yomoya xa usebenza.

 

Iibheringi zomoya zezeebheringi ezityibilikayo zolwelo kwiibheringi ezityibilikayo, ezithanjiswe ngolwelo xa zisebenza, kwaye indawo yazo yokuthambisa ngumoya.

 

Uhlu lweebheringi zomoya

Ngokwendlela yokwakheka kwefilimu yomoya ocinezelweyo, iibheringi zomoya zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini: iibheringi ze-aerodynamic kunye neebheringi ze-aerostatic.

 

Ifilimu yomoya oxinzelelweyo we-aerodynamic bearing yenziwa ngokuzisa umoya kwindawo edibana phakathi kwemiphezulu yee-sliding pairs ngentshukumo efanayo yee-sliding pairs, kwaye ifilimu yomoya imile okwe-wedge. Ekubeni ii-aerodynamic bearings zingadingi mthombo womoya wangaphandle, zikwabizwa ngokuba "zii-self-acting bearings".

 

Ifilimu yomoya oxinzelelweyo we-aerostatic bearing yenziwa ngumoya oxinzelelweyo wangaphandle ongeniswa nge-throttle phakathi komphezulu wesibini esityibilikayo. Ii-aerostatic bearing zifuna umoya wangaphandle ococekileyo.

 

Iimpawu zokuthwala umoya

(1) Ukumelana nokungqubana okuphantsi kakhulu

 

Ekubeni i-viscosity yegesi iphantsi kakhulu kuneyolwelo, i-viscosity yomoya kubushushu begumbi yi-1/5000 kuphela ye-oyile yoomatshini yeNombolo 10, kwaye ukumelana nokungqubana kwe-bearing kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo ne-viscosity, ngoko ke ukungqubana kwee-bearing zegesi kuphantsi kunee-bearing ezilukiweyo zolwelo.

 

(2) Uluhlu olubanzi lwezantya ezifanelekileyo

 

Ukumelana nokungqubana kwe-gas bearing kuphantsi, ukunyuka kobushushu kuphantsi, kwaye ukunyuka kobushushu akudluli kwi-20 ~ 30 °C xa isantya siphezulu njenge-50,000 rpm, kwaye isantya siphezulu njenge-1.3 yezigidi ze-rpm. Ii-hydrostatic bearing zingasetyenziselwa isantya esiphantsi kakhulu, nokuba azikho isantya.

 

(3) Uluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo

 

Igesi ihlala ifana negesi kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo, kwaye i-viscosity yayo ayichaphazeleki kakhulu bubushushu (i-viscosity iyanda kancinci xa amaqondo obushushu enyuka, umz. ukusuka kwi-20°C ukuya kwi-100°C, i-viscosity yomoya iyanda nge-23%), ngoko ke iibheringi zegesi zingasetyenziswa kumanqanaba obushushu ukusuka kwi--265°C ukuya kwi-1650°C.

 

(4) Umthamo ophantsi wokuthwala

 

Umthamo wokuthwala we-hydrodynamic bearing uhambelana ngokuthe ngqo ne-viscosity, kwaye umthamo wokuthwala we-pneumatic bearing ungamawaka ambalwa kuphela obungakanani obufanayo be-hydrodynamic bearing. Ngenxa yokucinezeleka kwegesi, kukho umda kumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo we-gas dynamic bearing, kwaye umthwalo kwindawo eqikelelweyo ngeyunithi nganye unokwandiswa kuphela ukuya kwi-0.36 MPa.

 

(5) Iimfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka kokucubungula

 

Ukuze kuphuculwe amandla okuthwala umthwalo kunye nokuqina kwefilimu yomoya yeebheringi zegesi, kusetyenziswa indawo yokubeka iibheringi (ngaphantsi kwe-0.015 mm) esetyenziswa rhoqo njengeebheringi ezithanjiswe ngolwelo, kwaye ukuchaneka kwamalungu kufuneka kuphuculwe ngokufanelekileyo.

 

Ukusetyenziswa kweebheringi zomoya

I-air bearing luhlobo olutsha lwe-bearing olusebenzisa amandla e-air elastic potential ukudlala indima exhasayo.

 

I-lubricant esetyenziswayo kuphela ngumoya; ngoko ke iteknoloji yokuthwala umoya ifanelekile kwiindawo zokusebenza ekufuneka zingangcoliswa okanye kwiindawo zokusebenza.

 

Kwii-air bearing, iibhola zithathelwa indawo zii-air cushions. Mhlawumbi enye yezona zicelo zaziwayo zee-air bearing yi-hovercraft.

 

Ifeni enkulu ivuthela umoya phantsi kwenqanawa yokubhabha, ivala ukuphuma komoya nge "skirt" yerabha elastiki. Uxinzelelo lomoya oluphezulu oluveliswa phantsi kwenqanawa yokubhabha luxhasa ubunzima benqanawa kwaye ngaloo ndlela luyenza intante kwi-cushion yomoya.

 

Ukusetyenziswa kweebheringi zegesi kuya kusanda kwaye kuye kwafundwa ngokubanzi nangokucokisekileyo. Okwangoku, iibheringi zegesi zingasetyenziswa kumatshini welaphu, kumatshini wekhebula, kwizixhobo zomatshini wezixhobo, kwiigyroscope, kwiisehluli ze-centrifugal ezinesantya esiphezulu, kwiidrili zamazinyo, kwiifriji ezisebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, kwiisandisi ze-hydrogen kunye nee-circulator zegesi ezisebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.